In his Life of Pericles, the Roman author Plutarch wrote that, having won the people away from his adversary Cimon by spending their own money on the entertainments and spectacles he laid on for their diversion, his eponymous hero further consolidated his hold on power by daring to spend his allies’ tribute (read: tax payments) on a lavish programme of public works rather than holding them, as was supposed to be the case, in reserve for use in time of war.
As Plutarch puts it, as well as building up a powerful fleet to patrol the sea lanes of his world – with the aim not just of cowing friends and foe alike, but also of securing the support of those who derived their living from military service – Pericles turned his attention to addressing the effects of ‘secular stagnation’ plaguing those who remained in Athens: